The Chinese president, Xi Jinping, has offered $60bn (£42bn) of additional financing for Africa. He was speaking at the opening of a China-Africa summit in Beijing.

President Xi defended China's investment programme in Africa, saying there were no political strings attached to the projects - which he said were of mutual benefit.

Critics have been warning that African countries have been going into unsustainable levels of debt with China which has loaned billions of dollars to finance major infrastructure development.

Rwanda's president, Paul Kagame, dismissed talk of debt traps, and said the China-Africa relationship was vital.

The South African president, Cyril Ramaphosa, said the summit refutes the view that a new colonialism was taking hold in Africa.